What are Kubernetes Job and CronJob?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Job** — a Pod that executes a task and completes. **CronJob** — on a schedule.

**Job:**
```yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: Job
metadata:
  name: data-migration
spec:
  backoffLimit: 3
  activeDeadlineSeconds: 3600
  template:
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: migrate
          image: myapp:latest
          command: ["python", "migrate.py"]
      restartPolicy: Never
```

**CronJob:**
```yaml
apiVersion: batch/v1
kind: CronJob
metadata:
  name: backup
spec:
  schedule: "0 2 * * *"
  concurrencyPolicy: Forbid
  successfulJobsHistoryLimit: 3
  failedJobsHistoryLimit: 1
  jobTemplate:
    spec:
      template:
        spec:
          containers:
            - name: backup
              image: postgres:15
              command:
                - /bin/sh
                - -c
                - pg_dump -U postgres mydb > /backup/dump.sql
          restartPolicy: OnFailure
```

**Verification:** `kubectl get jobs`, `kubectl get cronjobs`.

DevOps: What are Kubernetes Job and CronJob?