What is rate limiting?

Question

Accepted Answer

**Rate Limiting** — request throttling.

```nginx
# Nginx rate limiting
limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=api:10m rate=10r/s;

server {
    location /api/ {
        limit_req zone=api burst=20 nodelay;
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
    
    location / {
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}
```

```typescript
// Application
import rateLimit from "express-rate-limit";

app.use("/api/", rateLimit({
  windowMs: 15 * 60 * 1000,
  max: 100,
  message: "Too many requests"
}));
```

```yaml
# Kubernetes Ingress
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  annotations:
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rate-limit: "10"
    nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io/rate-limit-window: "1m"
```

**Strategies:**
- Token Bucket.
- Sliding Window.
- Fixed Window.
- Leaky Bucket.

DevOps: What is rate limiting?