Use Case Diagram — UML diagram showing system functionality from user perspective.
When to use:
Components:
Actors: People or systems interacting with the system
Use Cases: Functions or services provided
Associations: Links between actors and use cases
Include: Mandatory sub-behavior (<<include>>)
Extend: Optional behavior (<<extend>>)
Example:
Actor: Customer
Use Cases: Browse Catalog, Place Order, Make Payment
Include: Place Order <<include>> Verify Stock
Extend: Place Order <<extend>> Apply Discount
Benefits: Simple, visual, stakeholder-friendly.