Python: What are Django test client and TestClient?

1# Django test client
2from django.test import TestCase, Client
3
4class UserViewTest(TestCase):
5    def setUp(self):
6        self.client = Client()
7        self.user = User.objects.create(
8            name="Alice",
9            email="alice@test.com"
10        )
11
12    def test_get_users(self):
13        response = self.client.get("/api/users/")
14        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 200)
15        self.assertEqual(len(response.json()), 1)
16
17    def test_create_user(self):
18        response = self.client.post(
19            "/api/users/",
20            data=json.dumps({"name": "Bob"}),
21            content_type="application/json"
22        )
23        self.assertEqual(response.status_code, 201)
24
25# FastAPI test client
26from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
27
28client = TestClient(app)
29
30def test_read_main():
31    response = client.get("/")
32    assert response.status_code == 200
33    assert response.json() == {"Hello": "World"}
34
35def test_create_item():
36    response = client.post(
37        "/items/",
38        json={"name": "Foo", "price": 42.0}
39    )
40    assert response.status_code == 200
41    assert response.json()["name"] == "Foo"
42
43# Async test client
44from httpx import AsyncClient
45
46@pytest.mark.asyncio
47async def test_read_main():
48    async with AsyncClient(app=app, base_url="http://test") as ac:
49        response = await ac.get("/")
50    assert response.status_code == 200